After graduating from Université Paris Dauphine, Pierre Labarthe began an 8-year career at BearingPoint, a consultancy, where he specialized in energy.  In 2013, he joined SNCF Consulting, where his projects included implementing France’s 2014 railway reform.

In 2015, Mr Labarthe was named head of strategy at SNCF Gares & Connexions, and he oversaw its transformation into a state-owned public limited company (société anonyme) effective 1 January 2020. Now a subsidiary of SNCF Réseau, Gares & Connexions manages France's 3,030 railway stations.

Later, Mr Labarthe served as chief of staff to Marlène Dolveck, CEO of Gares & Connexions, before taking his current position in 2022.